Imaging Recommendations for the Diagnosis, Staging, and Management of Adult Brain Tumors

Abstract Neuroimaging plays a pivotal role in the clinical practice of brain tumors aiding diagnosis, genotype prediction, preoperative planning, and prognostication. The most commonly seen adults are extra-axial lesions like meningioma, intra-axial gliomas pituitary gland. Clinical features may be localizing partial seizures, weakness, sensory disturbances or nonspecific headache. On suspicion tumor, primary investigative workup should focus on imaging. Other investigations fundoscopy electroencephalography performed depending presentation. Obtaining tissue sample after identifying tumor imaging is crucial for confirming diagnosis planning further treatment. Tissue obtained by techniques such as stereotactic biopsy upfront surgery. magnetic resonance (MR) protocol needs to standardized includes conventional sequences T1-weighted (T1W) with without contrast, T2w imaging, fluid-attenuated axial inversion recovery, diffusion-weighted (DWI), susceptibility-weighted advanced MR perfusion spectroscopy. Various characteristics each these can help us narrow down differential also predict grade tumor. Multidisciplinary co-ordination needed proper management care patients. Treatment protocols need adapted individualized patient age, general condition patient, histopathological characteristics, options include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy. Imaging vital post-treatment follow-up. Sequences DWI, perfusion, spectroscopy useful distinguish effects radiation necrosis pseudoprogression from true recurrence. Radiological reporting images follow structured format all elements that could have an impact treatment decisions